VII. Flint and Peoria hodographs from 12Z observed soundings
Here is a look at hodographs derived from 8 a.m. wind speed and direction data for Flint and Peoria. Simply put, the hodograph presents forecasters with a visual manifestation of how wind speed and direction changes with height. A “long” hodograph as we have below indicates high-speed shear environments. A clockwise curved hodograph would indicate that the wind profile is veering with height, whereas counterclockwise curvature of a hodograph indicates the wind fields are backing.

This Flint hodograph is derived from all wind data from the observed 8 a.m. Flint sounding. The length of the hodograph indicates quite a bit of speed shear from ground level through 7,000 meters AGL.

Similarly, the Peoria hodograph derived from all wind data from the observed 8 a.m. PIA sounding indicated quite a bit of speed shear from ground level through 7,000 meters AGL.
- Introduction
- Methodology
- Large Scale Synoptic Pattern over the United States on May 13, 1980
- Hourly Surface Weather Maps Focused on Great Lakes Region from 12 UTC May 13 to 00 UTC May 14
- Observed 12 UTC Soundings for Flint, MI and Peoria, IL and Data Derived from them
- Modified Flint Sounding
- Flint and Peoria hodographs from 12Z observed soundings
- Modified Peoria Hodograph (using 18 UTC surface winds in AZO)
- What are our most important significant research findings? What do we believe caused the Kalamazoo tornado? What can we learn from this? How can we use this information to aid in anticipating tornadogenesis in the Grand Rapids CWA?
- So what exactly happened? Chronology of events occurring between 3:30 and 4:25 p.m. EDT across Van Buren and Kalamazoo Counties.
- Tornado Victims
- Dr. T. Theodore Fujita’s Kalamazoo Tornado Findings
- A Personal Account of the Kalamazoo Tragedy
- Bronson Park Devastated
- Acknowledgments