National Weather Service

Outline

Radar Basics

Beam Power Structure

.96 Degree Beam Resolution

Azimuth Resolution Considerations

Pulse Repetition Frequency- PRF

The Doppler Dilemma

Defeating the Doppler Dilemma

Volume Coverage Patterns of the 88-D

Atmospheric Refraction

Super/Sub Refraction

Beam Height vs. Range

Odd Phenomena Seen on Radar

Doppler Velocity Interpretation

The Zero Isodop “Problem”

Large Scale Winds

Large Scale Winds

Example from KMKX 88D

The VAD Wind Profile

Small Scale Winds
- Divergence/Convergence -

Small Scale Winds
- Cyclonic Convergence/Divergence -

Small Scale Winds
- Pure Cyclonic Rotation -

Small Scale Velocity Example

Small Scale Velocity Example

Storm Relative Velocity - SRV
vs.
Base Velocity

SRV vs. Base Velocity
- Strong Rotation -

SRV vs Base Velocity
- Subtle Rotation -

SRV vs Base Velocity
- Subtle Rotation -

SRV vs Base Velocity
- Oakfield -

SRV vs Base Velocity
- Straight Line Winds -

Pre-Storm Environment

LI’s and Moisture

CAPE \ CIN and Cap

Upper _(low) Level Jet Influence

Shear and Thermal Instablility

Bulk Richardson’s Number

S-R Helicity and EHI

Scatter diagram
- S-R Helicity vs CAPE -

Wet Bulb Zero

End Part 1

Part 2 - Tracking and Identifying Storms